Pennsylvania which circuit

On March 26, , a three-judge panel of the Third Circuit, composed of Judges Thomas Ambro , Michael Fisher , and Thomas Hardiman , ruled that a non-fiction book was not defamatory even though it addressed a married woman's affair with her boss. The book recounted the work of the Vidocq Society, a Philadelphia-based forensic group, and its founding member, Frank Bender.

Bender's assistant, Joan Crecenz, filed a lawsuit in , alleging that she was defamed and suffered false light invasion of privacy as a result of Capuzzo's "reckless casting" of her as one of her boss's "girlfriends.

Crecenz appealed to the Third Circuit, which affirmed the ruling. Judge Hardiman, on behalf of the majority, wrote: [6]. On October 23, , in a precedential opinion, a three-judge panel of the Third Circuit , composed of Judge D.

The FBI identified pages of documents related to the ACLU's request, but released only pages, citing pages as duplicative and pages as exempt from disclosure. Citing several exemptions to FOIA rules, the FBI filed a motion for summary judgment Refers to a judgment granted on a claim about which there is no genuine issue of fact and to which the party moving for judgment prevails as a matter of law.

This prompted the ACLU to file a cross-motion for summary judgment Refers to a judgment granted on a claim about which there is no genuine issue of fact and to which the party moving for judgment prevails as a matter of law. Judge Salas refused, and granted the FBI's motion for summary judgment Refers to a judgment granted on a claim about which there is no genuine issue of fact and to which the party moving for judgment prevails as a matter of law.

The ACLU filed an appeal. Writing for three-judge panel of the Third Circuit, Judge Smith rejected the ACLU's "novel [Glomarization] proposal," and stated that "ample evidence" was available in support of Judge Salas' decision.

Smith further noted that it would be "hard to imagine how the FBI could provide a more detailed justification for withholding information under this exemption without compromising the very information it sought to protect. This section focuses on cases the U. Supreme Court heard that originated in this court. The following cases were scheduled for argument before the U.

Supreme Court during the term. In order to qualify for the office of chief judge in one of the federal courts, a judge must have been in active service on the court for at least one year, be under the age of 65, and have not previously served as chief judge.

A vacancy in the office of chief judge is filled by the judge highest in seniority among the group of qualified judges. The chief judge serves for a term of seven years or until age 70, whichever occurs first. A statutory change in the s created the seven-year term. The age restrictions are waived if no members of the court would otherwise be qualified for the position.

Unlike the chief justice of the United States, a chief judge returns to active service after the expiration of his or her term and does not create a vacancy on the bench by the fact of his or her promotion. The Third Circuit shares the James A. The courthouse was designed by LZA Technology and opened in as part of the Bicentennial of the Declaration of Independence celebration.

The United States courts of appeals or circuit courts are the intermediate appellate courts of the United States federal courts. The court of appeals was originally created in and has grown to include thirteen courts. A court of appeals decides appeals from any of the district courts that are in its federal judicial circuit. The appeals courts also can hear appeals from some administrative agencies. Decisions of the federal appeals courts can, in turn, be appealed to the Supreme Court of the United States.

There are thirteen United States courts of appeals. In addition, there are other federal courts such as the Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces , which hears appeals in court-martial cases that have "Court of Appeals" in their titles. The eleven "numbered" circuits and the D. Circuit are defined by geography. The thirteenth court of appeal is the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. This court has nationwide jurisdiction over certain types of appeals based on what the underlying legal case is about.

All of the courts of appeals also hear appeals from some administrative agency decisions and rulemaking. The largest share of this type of case is heard by the D. The Federal Circuit hears appeals from specialized trial courts, primarily the Court of International Trade and the Court of Federal Claims , as well as appeals from the district courts in patent cases and certain other specialized matters.

Federal circuit court judges are appointed for life. At the age of 65, a federal judge may choose to retire with his or her full salary. Judges may also choose to go on senior status at age 65, if they have served actively for 15 years. The chart below shows the number of appeals court judges confirmed by the U. Senate through November 1 of the first year of each president's term in office. At this point in the term, President Biden had made the most appeals court appointments with nine.

President Trump had six, President George W. Bush had four, Presidents Reagan and George H. Bush had three, President Clinton had two, and President Obama had one. The table below displays the number of judges in each circuit and indicates how many were appointed by presidents from each major political party.

It also includes the number of vacancies on a circuit and how many pending nominations for that circuit are before the United States Senate. The table can be sorted by clicking the column headers above the line. It is updated every Monday. Ballotpedia features , encyclopedic articles written and curated by our professional staff of editors, writers, and researchers. Click here to contact our editorial staff, and click here to report an error.

Click here to contact us for media inquiries, and please donate here to support our continued expansion. Share this page Follow Ballotpedia. What's on your ballot? Jump to: navigation , search. This page contains the following information on the Third Circuit. This court is staffed by magisterial district judges. Ballotpedia features , encyclopedic articles written and curated by our professional staff of editors, writers, and researchers.

Click here to contact our editorial staff, and click here to report an error. Click here to contact us for media inquiries, and please donate here to support our continued expansion. Share this page Follow Ballotpedia. What's on your ballot? Jump to: navigation , search. More information on Pennsylvania's state courts: Selection methods Elections Salaries Federal courts In Pennsylvania , there are three federal district courts, state supreme court, a superior court, a commonwealth court, and trial courts with both general and limited jurisdiction.

Click a link for information about that court type. Federal courts State supreme court State courts of appeal Trial courts The image below depicts the flow of cases through Pennsylvania's state court system. Click the map below to explore the court structure in other states. Choose your state West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming. Categories : Pennsylvania courts State courts overview. Voter information What's on my ballot? Where do I vote? How do I register to vote? How do I request a ballot?

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Election results. Privacy policy About Ballotpedia Disclaimers Login. The Pennsylvania court system is structured like a pyramid with the Supreme Court at the top. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania has an extensive disciplinary system — endorsed by its citizens through Constitutional amendment — to address improper conduct by lawyers and judges both in and outside the courtroom.

And the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, in its role as overseer of the practice of law in the state, has adopted added standards and rules governing conduct. If the board determines that probable cause exists, the board then files formal charges against a jurist with the Court of Judicial Discipline. The Court of Judicial Discipline has the authority to impose sanctions ranging from a reprimand to removal from office if the charges are sustained.