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Why Treatment Matters. Medically reviewed by Saurabh Sethi, M. Anal fissure. Rectal prolapse. Fecal impaction. Gently wipe from the front to the back. Baby wipes or hemorrhoid pads are usually more gentle than toilet paper. If you use toilet paper, use only soft, undyed, unscented toilet paper. Take warm soaks in a tub or a sitz bath. Warm water can help shrink or soothe hemorrhoids. Add baking soda to the water to relieve itching. Apply ice pack compresses.
Avoid sitting for long periods, especially on hard chairs. He or she may recommend: An over-the-counter or prescription medicine to apply to hemorrhoids to relieve the itching.
A stool softener to prevent straining. While taking mineral oil, consider placing a liner in your undergarments to absorb any oil leakage. Hemorrhoids develop when the channels that carry blood away from the anus and rectum become dilated widened. They are classified according to their location.
External hemorrhoids develop in the anus, internal hemorrhoids in the rectum. Many people have both. Prolonged sitting or straining, often associated with constipation or diarrhea, may lead to hemorrhoids. Don't delay bowel movements during hemorrhoid flare-ups. Go when you need to go, because putting off bowel movements can worsen constipation, which then aggravates the hemorrhoids.
Also, elevating your feet a bit with a step stool as you sit on the toilet changes the position of the rectum in a way that could allow for easier passage of stools. Many over-the-counter products are available for help with hemorrhoids, such as witch hazel infused pads and soothing creams. Also, ask your doctor about prescription preparations, which contain stronger anti-inflammatory drugs and numbing medications. And don't forget sitz baths.
They're done in a basin that fits under the toilet seat. Soak the inflamed area in warm water for 10 to 15 minutes, two to three times per day. Some hemorrhoid sufferers use dietary supplements containing plant-based chemicals called flavonoids. As with any dietary supplement, approach with caution. And in most cases, bleeding caused by hemorrhoids should stop after 2 to 3 days. Continue home treatment to prevent bleeding from starting again. Call your doctor if bleeding:. You may not need many tests at first, especially if you are younger than 50 and your doctor thinks that your rectal bleeding is caused by hemorrhoids.
Your doctor may just examine your rectum with a gloved finger. Or your doctor may use a short, lighted scope to look inside the rectum. Rectal bleeding can be a sign of a more serious problem, such as colon, rectal, or anal cancer.
So if the first exam doesn't show a clear cause of your problems, your doctor may do tests to check for other causes of bleeding. The doctor may use a lighted scope to look at the lower third of your colon. This is called sigmoidoscopy. Or your doctor may use another kind of scope to look at the entire colon. This is called colonoscopy. Most hemorrhoids can be treated with simple changes to diet and bowel habits.
Most don't require surgery or other treatment unless the hemorrhoids are very large and painful. The same home treatment can be used for most internal hemorrhoids. The goal of these procedures is to reduce the blood supply to the hemorrhoid so it shrinks or goes away. The scar tissue left in its place helps support the anal tissue and helps prevent new hemorrhoids. These procedures can only be done on internal hemorrhoids.
They include:. Surgery to remove hemorrhoids is called hemorrhoidectomy. It can be used:. Sometimes a combination of treatments for example, a nonsurgical procedure and surgery is the best way to treat hemorrhoids. External hemorrhoids usually aren't removed with surgery unless they are very large and uncomfortable. Or they may be removed if you are having surgery on the anal area for another reason, such as for internal hemorrhoids or a tear anal fissure.
If a blood clot forms in the external hemorrhoid, the clot may need to be removed to relieve pain. Home treatment may keep your hemorrhoids from getting worse. It mainly involves having healthy bowel habits. You can use the following suggestions to keep hemorrhoids from getting worse or to relieve your symptoms. Slowly add fiber to your meals. Eat foods with lots of fiber like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. And drink plenty of water. These things may help prevent hard stools. Do this to take pressure off inflamed, irritated veins.
If you are pregnant, you may find it helpful to lie on your side. If you aren't pregnant, sleeping on your stomach with a pillow under your hips will help reduce swelling of hemorrhoids. Limit sitting and standing when hemorrhoids are irritated. If you must sit for a long time, sit on a pillow. Medicines can help relieve symptoms of hemorrhoids. Over-the-counter OTC treatments you can try include:. Author: Healthwise Staff. Medical Review: Anne C.
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Top of the page. Condition Basics What are hemorrhoids? What causes them? What are the symptoms? How are they diagnosed? How are hemorrhoids treated? Health Tools Health Tools help you make wise health decisions or take action to improve your health. Decision Points focus on key medical care decisions that are important to many health problems. Cause Hemorrhoids are usually caused by too much pressure on the veins in the pelvic and rectal area.
Things that can lead to hemorrhoids include: Diarrhea, constipation, or rushing to complete a bowel movement. These may lead to straining and can put more pressure on veins in the anal canal.
Pregnancy and labor.
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